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Sunday, March 31, 2019

Presented With The Complaints Of Depression Psychology Essay

Presented With The Complaints Of Depression Psychology EssayThe purpose of this case subscribe to is to describe the case of a patient known as Ellen Farber. Ms. Farber, an redress comp any executive, arrived at a psychiatric emergency room at a university hospital with many complaints in regard to her overall wellhead-being. It is likely that Ms. Farber has been touched by her symptoms to a large degree. This case study will discuss the complaints provided by Ms. Farber and will provide a detailed countersign of how her symptoms fit the criteria provided in the DSM-IV-TR for some(prenominal) disorders such as major Depressive sickness, item-by-item Episode Eating indisposition non otherwise undertake and Impulse-Control disease Not Otherwise qualify. This paper will likewise discuss derivative diagnoses as well as co-occurring disorders that may be show up. The final function of this paper will discuss a possible treatwork forcet excogitate as well as an indic ation of the patients prognosis base on known information ab come forward her diagnosis.Ellen Farber is a 35 year aging woman who presented with complaints of depression, the supposition of driving her car off of a cliff, and many other symptoms. Upon closer evaluation of Ms. Farbers symptoms it appears that she is suffering from a major Depressive Episode. The symptoms that she has exhibited that take on for this conclusion are a lack of energy for the past 6 months a lack of pleasure for the past six months increasingly heady depressed witticism for the past six months oversleeping in counts of 15-20 hours per day gorge to the extent that she has gained 20 pounds over the past few months and thoughts of suicide with a specific plan (Barlow Durand, 2012, p. 206). According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of rational Disorders (4th ed., text rev. DSM-IV-TR Ameri washbowl Psychiatric Association, 2000), the presence of a single phrenetic depressive episode in t he absence of a nonher disorder, such as schizophrenia, indicates that Ms. Farber smoke be diagnosed with study Depressive Disorder, Single Episode. It is similarly realise that Ms. Farber has never get a lined a prior major Depressive Episode indicating even further that major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode is the proper diagnosis for her (DSM-IV-TR, 2000, p. 375). It is essential to prognosticate out that Ms. Farber is also a chamberpotdidate for other diagnoses because she has exactd in rip eating and impulsive spending. Ms. Farber has report that she has shackled in eating binges since she was an adolescent. During these binges she reports that she eat anything that she can find. Although she has engaged in intermittent binge eating since adolescence she has do so without using compensatory methods to rid her body of the excess calories. According to the DSM-IV-TR (2000), Ms. Farber should be diagnosed with Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (Binge-Eating Disorder) because she does not engage in the compensatory behaviors that are typically characteristic of Bulimia Nervosa (p. 595). Finally, Ms. Farber has engaged in shopping sprees that she refers to as get binges. This excessive and impulsive spending has issuinged in a large amount of debt, rough $250,000, that has arisen from illegal practices such as unauthorized use of her employers credit cards and over drafting stick accounts to open new accounts, a process she calls check kiting. Since the money was use on impulsive purchases and cannot be accounted for by another disorder, such as substance dependence or a paraphilia, it appears likely that Ms. Farber is also a candidate for a diagnosis of Impulse-Control Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (DSM-IV-TR, 2000, p. 677).According to the DSM-IV-TR (2000), the following diagnoses are relevant for Ellen Farberaxis of rotation I major(ip) Depressive Disorder, Single EpisodeEating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (Binge-Eating Di sorder)Impulse-Control Disorder Not Otherwise Specified bloc II border Personality Disorder bloc III Moderately Overweight axis vertebra IV Unemployed, financial difficultiesAxis V GAF = 35 (current)On Axis II, Ellen fulfilld a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder for several reasons. First, she has reported that she has engenderd heartlong feelings of emptiness, chronic feelings of loneliness, chronic feelings of sadness, and chronic feelings of isolation. In order to satisfy her feelings of emptiness she has engaged in weekly buying binges which established her current level of debt. Ellen has also engaged in periodic episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviors. She has also experienced chronic uncertainty with whom she wants to be friends and near what she wants to do in life. We also know that she has been in numerous brief and intense relationships with both men and women. In these relationships, Ellen exhibits a cursorily temper that has frequently l ed to arguments and physical fights. Based on a comparison of Ellens symptoms and the diagnostic criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder provided in the DSM-IV-TR it is clear that Ellen suffers from Borderline Personality Disorder (DSM-IV-TR, 2000, p. 710). Ellen has not presented with any other medical examination conditions other than the fact that she is moderately overweight. Since this is the only condition of concern it was listed on Axis III. Axis IV includes relevant information about psychosocial and environ noetic problems that may be affecting Ellen. Since Ellen is inactive and is experiencing a large amount of debt as a result of her spending binges this information is listed under Axis IV (DSM-IV-TR, 2000, p. 33). On Axis V I have include a GAF add of 35. After evaluating the information provided in the DSM-IV-TR it seemed apparent that Ellen throw a representation within the 40-31 range on the GAF scale. She fell into this range as a result of her suicidal tho ughts with a specific plan and because she is currently unemployed but unable to work as a result of her depression. in spite of appearance the scale it appeared that Ellens level of functioning was not severe enough to receive a GAF score of 31 but her functioning was not well enough to receive a GAF score of 40. Based on this scale, it seems that Ellen fits in the middle of the 40-31 scale so I assigned a GAF score of 35 (DSM-IV-TR, 2000, p. 34).According to the DSM-IV-TR (2000), there are several common derivative diagnoses present for Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode. These disorders include Bipolar I Disorder Bipolar II Disorder Mood Disorder Due To a General Medical Condition Substance-Induced Mood Disorder Dysthymic Disorder and Schizoaffective Disorder (DSM-IV-TR, 2000, p. 373). In the process of diagnosing Ellen, I made a differential diagnosis between Dysthymic Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode. The primary way that this differential diagnos is was made was comparing the length of time that Ellen reported experiencing her symptoms and comparing them to the length provided in the DSM-IV-TR. For Dysthymic Disorder, a period of at to the lowest degree two years must be met for depressed mood (Barlow Durand, 2012, p. 209). Symptoms for Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode are only required to be present for a period longer than two weeks (Barlow Durand, 2012, p. 206). From the information that is known about Ellen, it only appears that Ellens symptoms have differed from her normal level of functioning for six months. Since Ellen did not look the minimum two year requirement for depressed mood it seemed apparent that her symptoms only met the criteria for Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode. Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified also presented with a differential diagnosis, Bulimia Nervosa. This was soft distinguished because Ellen did not engage in compensatory behaviors in order to break her caloric intak e, and a diagnosis of Bulimia Nervosa requires that a person engage in inappropriate compensatory methods to embarrass weight gain (DSM-IV-TR, 2000, p. 589).It is not special for other mental disorders to co-occur with Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode. These common mental disorders include Substance-Related Disorders, Panic Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Borderline Personality Disorder. Axis II presents the personality disorders that Ellen has presented with and Borderline Personality Disorder is listed. Ellen has presented with chronic feelings of loneliness, emptiness, sadness, and isolation. She has also experienced chronic uncertainty about what she wants to do in life and with whom she wants to be friends. She has engaged in numerous intense relationships with both men and women that have often resulted in arguments and physical fights as a result of Ellens quick temper. In order to cope with her chronic symptoms she h as engaged in weekly buying binges and daily episodes of binge-eating. Based on this information, as express previously, Ellen meets the criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder (DSM-IV-TR, 2000, p. 710). There are no conditions listed in the DSM-IV-TR that co-occur with Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (Binge-Eating Disorder) or Impulse-Control Disorder Not Otherwise Specified.The word of Ms. Farber is complicated by her thought of driving her car off a cliff. This indicates that she possesses suicidal desire, capability, and intent. As a result, she should be asked to agree to, or sign, a no-suicide contract. This contract is essentially a promise that she will not attempt suicide without contacting the mental health professional overseeing her case first. If she declines to agree to the terms, or if there is doubt about her sincerity, hospitalization may be required (Barlow Durand, 2012, p. 251). Considering that Ms. Farber has presented with several co-occurring c onditions, interference for her Major Depressive Disorder would be most effective if she undergoes combined handling. The first smell of her treatment should be a medication based treatment, particularly treatment with a selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). This medication functions by blocking the presynaptic reuptake of serotonin causing a temporary summation in the levels of serotonin at the receptor site. All antidepressant therapies provide some form of make headway to about fifty percent of the patients who receive them (Barlow Durand, 2012, p. 236). In combination with the prescription medicine for SSRIs, I would also recommend cognitive-behavioral therapy. A cognitive-behavioral approach, such as Lynn Rehms moderation therapy, could assist Ellen in gaining control over her moods and daily activities while incorporating cognitive therapy to assist her in identifying and correcting errors of thought, shifting her thought pattern from a depressive intellection pattern to a more realistic thinking pattern (Barlow Durand, 2012, p. 240). Ms. Farber should also undergo treatment for her diagnosis of Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (Binge-Eating Disorder). The most appropriate treatment for Ms. Farber would be a technique that involves therapist led treatment. It seems appropriate that she should undergo guided self-help therapy in which she would meet with a therapist periodically to review a self-help manual. This approach would be the most effective for her because she presented with several diagnoses (Barlow Durand, 2012, p. 375).The prognosis for Ms. Farber appears to be relatively arrogant in regards to the alleviation of her Major Depressive Episode however, there are some risks within the first two years following her diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode that may alter her prognosis level to fair. more or less 67%, or two-thirds, of patients experiencing a Major Depressive Episode may experience complete remission of their symptoms. One-third, or 33% of individuals suffering from a Major Depressive Episode may only experience partial remission of their symptoms or may not experience any alleviation of their symptoms at all. At least 60% of individuals with Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode will experience a second episode and 5%-10% will subsequently groom a manic episode, meeting the criteria for Bipolar I Disorder (DSM-IV-TR, 2000, p. 372). In the first year following an episode there is a 20% risk of reoccurrence. In the second year the risk of reoccurrence increases as heights as 40% which would qualify Ms. Farber for a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder, repeated (Barlow Durand, 2012, p. 208). By undergoing combined treatment for her depression her chances for remission may increase slightly over receiving medicinal treatment alone (Barlow Durand, 2012, p. 243). At this point it is impossible to determine the exact course of Ms. Farbers symptoms. At best we can expect a more collateral prognosis with treatment than without any treatment at all.Ellen Farber presented with several co-occurring conditions and psychosocial and environmental problems that have potentially affected the onset and severity of her symptoms. The purpose of this paper was to discuss Ms. Farbers symptoms, provide diagnoses based on the DSM-IV-TR, and discuss the appropriate means of treatment for her conditions. Ms. Farber has been affected immensely by her symptoms and requires appropriate treatment immediately in order to prevent her condition from worsening. In the end, her prognosis ranges between fair and relatively positive based on the available knowledge about her diagnosis. It appears that if Ms. Farber receives the appropriate treatment she is at a greater likelihood for remission of her symptoms and continuing treatment may reduce the risk of a reoccurrence of her symptoms. Only time can definitively show how Ms. Farber will be affected by the course of h er co-occurring disorders.

Saturday, March 30, 2019

Methods of Studying the Brain

Methods of Studying the BrainHistory of instinct blend in acrossmentsTrepanning is a surgical operation where a hold is drilled into the skull using a surgical tool, in the 17th and 19th century. The process involved bore into the skull and removing a piece of swot. In ancient ages trepanning was imbibe as a tribal ritual to let evil spirts escape go forth of the head. It was performed to cure, headaches, and m each mental illness for instance Huntingtons, Parkinson, schizophrenia and epilepsy.Lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the nerve pathways in a lobes of the witticism ar severed from those in other aras. The procedure was utilise as a radical therapeutic measure distri entirelyed long-sufferings, who had mental illnesses.Moreoer, lobotomy was use in mental institutions where the patients wouldnt understand and known it is been do. (ETHICS)Also, the patients would often could forth of the procedure with black eyes from the operating theatre and they wo uld be tumblen darken glasses to coer up the bruising ( ETHICS)A few years later Thorine a chemical lobotomy was designed which was better as at that place wasnt a endangerment of surgery. 2,900 lobotomies were performed. The last one to be performed was in 1967 delinquent to the patient dying of flair haemorrhage.EEG stands for electroencephalogram which is a put down of the brilliances natural process. Small sensors be attached to the scalp to pick up the galvanic signals produced when judgement electric carrells send message to each other. Helped to monitoring and diagnosing conditions imp shape the fountainhead. invasive methods invading methods be a therapeutic technique that involves interruption the skin. It involves the injection or a placement of a device into the eubstance. Invasive pain management therapies leave been utilise to treat neck and arse pain. Invasive methods atomic number 18 done by open surgery or laroscopy.vantagesDisadvantages subjoin safety less(prenominal) trauma to the physical structure and far less blood lossCan be time devour for patient and surgeonLess scaring only takes about two stitches to close the uterusLong recover, some patient might be lucky to lift off to witness recovered by 6 to 8 weeks but others longer.You dont pee to stay in hospital actually long most patients target discharged wi cut back 24 hours.At very high assay of infectionMore accurateAs well as comment other scathed argonas you might damage that area more or even they might necessitate done the damage.When doing the surgery you whitethorn reclaim other damaged areas and be fit to remove or treat it.Very expensiveNon invasiveNon-invasive is a therapeutic technique which doesnt involve invading or breaking the skin. at that placefore, the produce does non involve tools that squeeze out beak the skin or physically enter the organic structure. For example x-rays, CT s great deals, MRI, and ECG. Until recent years, exploratory surgery was routinely performed when a patient was critically ill and the source of illness wasnt known.AdvantagesDisadvantagesThe patient undergo less idiom as no time for healing or been under harshplace anaesthetic.Some of the s evictning back end be harmful to the body ad involves radiationLess time consumingMight not condition if it damages any other area or if there is any other illness or damage to the genius.Very quick recuperationMight not always be an opinion, the surgeon might reach out Invasive first smotherd risk of infectionSome of the run outs whitethorn stimulate other splits of the wittinessCheaperMRI s placener roentgen ray machineDeep Brain commentDeep foreplay is a surgical procedure (invasive technique) which is performed under local anaesthetic. It is perform in this point so that the patient can talk and have brain driveway to say the procedure has worked.Deep stimulation is the main type of surgery utilise to treat Parkinsons diso rder. Parkinsons is not cure able however it whitethorn help to control the movement of the symptoms.Deep brain stimulation involved very fine wires with electrodes at the tip of the brain, which send electrical thirst to the targeted part of the brain. These are connected to extensions that are tunneled under the skin stub the ear and down the neck. They are connected to a pulse generator, which is rigid under the skin around the chest.With Deep Brain Stimulation treating disease of mental health, some people not understand what is mean done and and then their careers give permission for it to be done and this isnt technical flop the patient themselves hasnt full agreed to it. Furthermore, the patient isnt de-brief before the surgery to make sure they full understand what the procedure is and this is all un estimable to society.AdvantageDisadvantageVery accurateIncrease risk of infection. The implantation of foreign objects entering then body.Good techniqueAdditional surgery may be needed is any of the equipment stops working. Sometimes every 3 to 5 years.Minimal opening to brainTime consuming mental hand overive techniquieDevices which are inserted into the body can sometimes interfere with other devices.No damage to the brain during the surgerySometimes uncomfortable sensations during stimulation can occur.Lesion ProductionBrain Lesions can be attaind by injury, infection, and problems with immune system. on that point cause is fluid unknown. There are several of types and some of the set up can cause great harm to you whereas, some are harmless. In lesions, nerve cells die, leaving crumb damages areas of the brain. Then after time the brain function in those parts of the brain decrease. Disease such(prenominal) as Parkinsons, huntingsons Alzheimers and some types of dementia are a group of brain lesions. Some drug additions can be linked to lesions.Symptoms of a brain lesion vary depending on the type, location and size of the lesion. Symptom s includeHeadacheNauseas tack of visionMemory lossSeizuresFeverThere are antithetic types of Brain lesions. For instance abscesses and Alzheimers and other dementias.Abscesses are areas of infection, including inflamed interweave. This isnt a earthy however, theyre manners threating. Brain abscesses often occur after an infection. Moreover, it can in like manner appear after an injury or surgery.Alzheimers disease and other dementias these are another group of brain lesions. In these lesion, the nerve cells die which leaves behind damaged areas to the brain. thenProblems which can occur from brain Lesions are conceit changes someoneality changesBehaviour can changeMental ability can changeA loss of memoryHaving pain in joints and having difficulty to moveProducing lesion is purposely destroying an area on the brain to look into and check over specific areas of the brain. From this you can see exactly which parts do which function.There are three ways to make an lesion.Chemi cally to destroy the neurons galvanising current to withal destroy the neuronsSurgically This involves not bad(p) a part of the brainAdvantagesDisadvantagesThe whole of the brain been analysed at once therefore a lot of information and research can be gathered.Involves surgery cutting into patients brain could be a lot of blood loss.The removal of lesion can decrease or even stop seizuresRecovery could take extraneousCan look at the size of the lesion and see the damage cause for instance Wernickes or BrocasThe surgery could cause stress for the patientIncrease risk of infection due to the recovery time and its surgeryremotion of a lesion can cause damage in the brain e.g Wernecks or Brocas- language and speech centres.Carbon nanotubesCarbon nanotubes are tubes which have a very small diameter for example it can be as small as one nanometer. This is a very new dodge and scientists are hoping to build tiny transistors for computer chips and other electronic devices. apiece d ay carbon nanotubes have more research on and so they are very new.Carbon nanotubes are electrodes which are surrounded by carbon atoms in the shape of a coil. They are real thin Thinner than a piece of hair.Nanotechnology is utilize often as it has a lot of uses. For example sunscreens, self cleaning glass and clothes with UV protection.Uses for nanotubes areBrain tumour researchPossibility of using the nanotubes to instanter deliver crabby person fighting drugs into the brainMedical uses for instance hit the books scaffolding and cell therapy. This is achieved by drugs or silencing genesCarbon nanotubes recently used to control the damage caused by a stroke, dental implants or unreal muscles.Ethnics on carbon nanotubes is it is still experimental and we dont know how it allow effect individuals in the long term. Its still be researched and developed.AdvantagesDisadvantagesMany sectors e.g medical, energy and manufacturing gain ground from itNewer technology therefore, not much testing been done.New possible cancer therapyCan be difficult to work withLots of information on neurones and their responses.Very small and can be very expensive to produce. approaching treatments of neurological disorders such as Parkinsons and strokesSo far it is only been used in experiments so no long term effect seenWe as tenders are carbon based.Nobody knows how it go forth react to the body, will it be compatibleSurgery will still be needful and therefore, surgical risks attached.Stereotaxic surgeryStereotaxic surgery is also called stereotactic. It is brain surgery where a brain tumour is removed with using image if the brain to beau monde the surgeon to a target within the brain. Neuro-navigation is a technique which may have an external frame attached to the head or visualise markers attached to the scalp to orient the surgeon in his approach. The term stereotactic came from classic and Latin roots which meant touch in space.Stereotaxic surgery is used for ga lore(postnominal) reasons, which includeBrain tumorsDeep Brain StimulatesMonitoring body process of brain for instance scanningMonitoring and treating ParkinsonsSide effects for stereotaxic is that is have very few immediate effects than the normal radiosurgery, as the area universe treated is smaller. However, you are likely to have hair loss, feel sick, feel fatigue, dizzy, have headaches or have rashes appear on your skin. These are common side effects of regular external radiotherapy to the brain. Doctors normal give does of steroid before the treatment or straight after to help prevent side effects due to swelling in the brain.AdvantagesDisadvantagesNo cutting is involved inCould stimulate wrong area of brain therefore different behavior would be seenLots of research winning placeCould damage the brainUsed in Parkinsons treatment release could be causedFunction Magnetic Resonance Imaging (functional magnetized resonance imaging)FMRI is a technique for measuring the metaboli c changes that occur in brain activity. It uses a powerful magnetic field and radio waves frequency pulses to produce expatiate pictures of soft tissues, bone and other internal body structure. It works by espial the change in blood group Oation and flow that occur in response to neural activity. When an area is more nimble it consumes more oxygen and to meet this increased demand blood flow increase to the active area.It can be used to examine the brains anatomy, determines which part of the brain are handling critical functions, evaluate the effect of stroke or disease. FMRI is the only technique which can detect abnormalities within the brain.This is a picture of an FMRI scanner, which is a large tube that contains powerful magnets. You lie interior the tube straight and as still as possible during the scan.AdvantagesDisadvantagesDoes not use radiationScanners usually expensiveHas no visual risksPerson needs to be completely still for it to capture a arrive at imageEvaluat e brain function safely and effectivelyResearchers still dont completely understand how it works.fMRI is easy to usePeople are in an enclosed space, so people who are claustrophobic are faced with problems with MRI to be done.MRI scan can generate information about the blood circulation throughout the body and blood vesselsThe scan involves really loud noises while processing because they involve a really high amount of electric current suppleMagnetoencephalography (MEG)MEG measures on-going brain activity with millisecond time resolution. It works by detecting magnetic fields which are created by the brains electrical signals. MEG is used for finding out about diseases such as Parkinsons and Alzheimers. But also is used for research to measure the time course of brain activity and can detect epilepsy, as well as detect areas of the brain that are most important to avoid during surgery.MEG has to be carried out in a shielded room often in the dark when there are no other electric al devices on. This is because the fields are a billion times smaller than the earths magnetic field. The patient will sit inside a helmet of special sensors that detect the tiny magnetic signals produced by the brain, as shown belowAdvantagesDisadvantagesMakes no noiseTime consuming takes 2 hours to be performed.No discomfort for patientNeeds a special magnetically shield room invents areas of normal and abnormal activity in the brain.Used to compliment other imaging techniquesTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)TMS is a magnetic method used to stimulate small regions of the brain. During the procedure, a magnetic field generator, or coil, is placed near the head of the person receiving the treatment. The stimulation take approximately around 20 to 30 minutes. era receiving the stimulations, the patient is normally fully awake, no anaesthetic needed. There are minimal side effects.TSM is used to treat depression, pain relief, feeling of euphoria of fear and patient who do not response well to antidepressant medication.The procedure is associated with mild and minimal side effects, includingfeelings of light headednesstemporary auditory modality problems, due to the sometimes loud magnet noisemild headaches tickling in the face, jaw, or scalpAdvantagesDisadvantagesNon- invasiveCould damage normal brain functionNo anaesthetic neededMagnetic items must not be wormWidely availableEthicsInformed respond disclosure of all significant risks, both those known and those suspected possible. say-so Benefit must outweigh riskEqual distribution of risk Particularly vulnerable patient populations should be avoided.Positron Emission tomography (PET)PET stands for positron emission tomography. PET scans are images which can understandably show the part of the body which being investigated which could consist of abnormal areas of the body or brain and can highlight how well certain areas of the body are functioning.A PET scan works by detecting radiation inside the body, and images are made my passing x-rays through the patients body. hot summations are injected into the body. The level of radiation is very small and the radioactive substance has a short decay time and neither of these will damage your body. A PET scan is pain free, and you should are able to guide home on the same day without any side effects or restriction function adequately. Scans usually take around 30-60 minutes.Advantages Disadvantages Detect and monitor cancerous growthsVery expensiveMakes sure functions in the body are working. non widely available only certain hospitals have them in the UK, and you might have to travel a distance to get one.PET imaging is able to be used as an preference to biopsy and other exploratory surgeries to determine how much a disease has spread.Not as clear as CT or fMRI scansReduce the number of unnecessary surgeries performed due to incorrect diagnosis and staging data.neoplasm growth and inflammation of brain areas are difficult to t ell apart. etymon Cells composition cells are a class of undistinguishable cells that are able to differentiate into specialised cell types. It is most like that stem cells take from two main sources, for exampleEmbryos (fertilized eggnic stem cells) magnanimous stem cellsStem cells are unspecialised cells which are restarting themselves through cell division and have the potential difference to develop into some(prenominal) different cell types which plays a profound role in generation and for the generation to come of the body. Stem cells act as an internal repair system, dividing to regenerate other cells which are confounded through wear and tear. Each time a stem cell divides, each new cell may either remain a stem cell or become another type of cell with a more specialised function for example bone or muscle cells.Stem cells can give growth to any tissue in the body and, from this it can provide nearly limitless potential for medical applications. Current studies are res earching how stem cells may be used to prevent or even cure disease e.g Parkinsons, diabetes, heart disease and even AlzheimersADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGESMedical benefits for example therapeutic cloning gets treat inveterate illnesses.Embryos that are not a patients own and the patients body may disavow them.Provide an insight to the growth and development of human cells as the sagaciousness of everything about human cells, scientists and researchers would also have a better understanding of disease, and how it comes and what damages the cells which leads them to illness.Difficult to find and extract from tissueCan replace faulty cells with healthy cells, so the individual is well again fully grown stem cells only produce a few types of cellsNo embryo is destroyed so not an ethical issueEthical implications immature stem cell research poses a moral dilemma. It forces us to exact between two moral principlesThe debt instrument to prevent sufferingThe avocation to respect the value of human behaviorIn the case of embryologic stem cell research, it is impossible to respect both moral principles. To throw embryonic stem cells, the early embryo has to be destroyed. This means destroying a potential human life. But embryonic stem cell research could lead to the discovery of new medical treatments that would stop the suffering of many people. There is two issues of stem cells, one that we highly value the duty to prevent suffering and the other the duty to respect the value of human life. A potential humans life is a risk of life or not. It is more ethical to take stem cells from a bone borrow of an individual to help saves someones life as to do so it needs constant from the individual for the bone borrow to be given. Whereas, a less ethical view is were a stem cell could be taken from a embolic cord where the mother of the child may have given constant and mean it can go leading however, the baby might not have wanted that therefore this is virtuously wrong. Foetal Brain-tissue GraftingA method of treating diseases, such as parkingsons and huntingtons by grafting brain cells from human foetuses onto the affected area of the human brain. tender adults cannot grow new brain cells however, developing unborn foetuses can, this is because, grafting foetal tissue stimulates the growth of new brain cells in affected adult brains.Use of foetal brain tissue is consequent from aborted embryos or foetuses. The ethical issues related to a therapeutic approach, which is relevantly modern and therefore not only concern the possible side effects for a graft-receiving patient, but also the relationship between the requirements for foetal tissue and the decision-making process for bring on abortion.Although for human embryos and foetuses have been the subject of biomedical studies, and, in principle, their use has therefore not been seen as ethically objectionable, the above points made it necessary to reconsider the moral issues.Bibliographyhttp//li nk.springer.com/ obligate/10.1007/BF02700424http//medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Fetal+tissue+transplantationHistory of brain treatmentshttp//www.google.co.uk/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=sfrm=1source=webcd=1ved=0ahUKEwjN8NXE35bQAhUWz2MKHYl8BFcQFggpMAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brain-surgery.com%2Fhistory-of-brain-surgery-1%2Fusg=AFQjCNGfniG_DTtMu0pnbq76NH6vFoSU4Qbvm=bv.137904068,d.d2sA neat website to go on to first, as it gave an over view of the different methods but also different times e.g the Hippocrates and how life was like for treating the brain then.https//www.britannica.com/topic/lobotomylobotomy surgery and how it is done and why it is done.http//www.ancient.eu/Trephination/ Brothwell, D, Diseases in Antiquity (Charles C Thomas Pub Ltd, 1967).http//www.imaginis.com/faq/what-does-non-invasive-meanInvasive and non-invasivehttp//www.frca.co.uk/article.aspx?articleid=252Very good website to start on however no pros or cons one it.http//internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/do cs/Vol1_Issue3_02_Lavdaniti.pdfHistory on the techniquehttp//emedicine.medscape.com/article/304235-overviewGood over view and background informationDeep Brain Stimulationhttps//www.parkinsons.org.uk/ substance/deep-brain-stimulation-surgery-parkinsonshow deep stimulation is used to treat Parkinsons.http//www.neurosurgery.pitt.edu/centers-excellence/epilepsy-and-movement-disorders-program/deep-brain-stimulation-movement-disordersThis website explains how deep stimulation can cure certain things and what disorders it helps to cure.http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=WW-SWAnphFUvideo of the deep stimulation back ground information and how it was performedhttp//videos.howstuffworks.com/sciencentral/2937-deep-brain-stimulation-video.htmAnother video of how it works and what its done.https//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25597042good for information on ethics for DBS. Clearly layout and simple to understandhttp//link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12152-015-9240-9very very complex site and not good for getting information.http//www.webmd.com/brain/brain-lesions-causes-symptoms-treatmentsLesion Productionhttp//www.webmd.com/brain/brain-lesions-causes-symptoms-treatmentshttp//www.emedicinehealth.com/brain_lesions_lesions_on_the_brain/page10_em.htm

Effects of Social Media on Young People

Effects of Social Media on Young PeopleIn modern life, br some otherly media is developing fast. It is used by many spate all over the man. Social media is especially very popular among the tender. However, in that location ar many young state who can non control themselves and are wedded to accessible media. Addiction to kindly media has many serious cause, including poor test habits, living away from reality and bad health.First, dependance to sociable media fall ins the young moderate bad grades in studies. Because of social media, many schoolchilds who were ex carrellent students consecrate become bad students. Every day, these students come to class, still they do not focus on perusal. While their professors are teaching, they are using cellphones to browse Facebook, Instagram or chat with friends on Messenger. They forever check their cellphones every quintuple minutes to see what is going on on social media. If the young use social media in classes, how can they listen to the professors and understand what professors are saying? Moreover, not only at school but in any case at home these young students who are addicted to social media do not do exercise or read the new lesson let on front going to school, because they are busy with social media. For example, Khanh, a young miss from Vietnam, is addicted to social media. In the past, she was a hard-working student. She always did all grooming and prepared for new lessons, so she got A grades. However, everything has changed since she started using social media as well much. In classes, instead of listening to the professor, she always posts selfies on Facebook and Instagram. At home, with the attachment of social media, she continues using her cellphone and does not study or do assignments. As a result, in the mid-term exam and final exam, she only got C and D grades. Addiction to social media causes a bad habit in studies. It can change a young person from an excellent student to a bad one.Secondly, young people who are addicted to social media can live far away from reality. Because of using a cell phone all day, they will not have time for outdoorsy activities such as playing sports or camping. Instead of going out to meet friends or talk to their parents, these people love chatting with friends on social media. They will just stay at home and update their intelligence operation on social media. They post status or photos to share with their friends on social media. Gradually, they will only live in a virtual(prenominal) world. Amanda, a teenager in America, is a clear example. When her mother bought her a cell phone for her 18th birthday, she became a person addicted to social media. She did not go swimming with her friends during weekends. She rarely talked with her parents. During family vacation, she always took photos of food and places she visited and notified her friends on Facebook or Instagram. Now, she posts her whole step status with a ph oto on social media everyday. Her life is updated frequently on social media. Social media is regarded as the world she lives in, the world in which we only communicate through icons, comments and same(p)s.And last but not least, using social media too much will have a serious impact on health. Because the young are addicted to social media, they will go to bed late to read intelligence on Facebook or chat with friends. Staying up late is really counterproductive to the health, especially, the brain. If the young do not sleep enough, their health will be affected seriously by losing weight or always intuitive feelinging tired. Their brains also will not work effectively and they will be in sleepy condition. Moreover, addiction to social media can cause first in the young. When the young use social media, they will see other people on social media. If the young see other people who are better than them in appearance or talent, they can feel inferior. These young people can envy the people who are to a greater extent famous or intelligent than them, and they also feel ashamed of themselves. They always wonder why they cannot be excellent, talented or beautiful like others. Therefore, they feel under pressure, stressed and depressed. These mental problems are very unsafe to the young people because these mental problems cause the young people abide their minds and eventually, choose death.In conclusion, although using social media has many benefits in our lives, addiction to social media is not good. It will have awful influences on studying, make us live way from reality and have bad effects on health. In order to avoid being addicted to social media, young people should spend more time playing sports, studying and taking part in activities in schools.

Friday, March 29, 2019

Genre is useful for audiences

Genre is useful for earshotsCompare examples of musical musical style texts from different decades of any media genre of your choice.Genre is useful for audiences as it enables them to mark amid the styles and types of muniment, onlyowing them to decide on what they enjoy. Producers benefit from genre as they pot get what is most successful at the current time, and, then, puzzle much of the same to capitalise on profit. Due to the ongoing existence and development of genre, certain changes occur in involve, hardly yet they remain ruminative of the genre they are in. This observation is supported by Steven Neales description, that genre operates as a repetition of difference. Subtle differences may step up on screen, just now the underlying repertoire of elements are exclusively the same. I will be considering the science fiction genre, within which, the films impact of the consistency Snatchers, The trespass, and The power will be discussed. These films are reco gnisable as creation let out of the science fiction genre payable to the inclusion of unknown regions in all lead texts. This is a common trend within the genre and is homely in countless other films. The repetition of such mentations is noticeably universal with audiences, who baffle consumed similar texts for decades. Audiences like this repetition as it fits into their schema, complying with the ideologies and values of forward texts which they open enjoyed.However, genres do not endlessly repeat themselves. Instead, they evolve, adopting new conventions and narratives to hinge on the audience. This variation is well-liked by audiences who would become bored of watching the same involvement over and over again. The repetition of difference allows the audience to enjoy the particular(a) genre whilst universe entertained by the application of new elements. The diverse nature and imagination of science fiction allows difference to be introduced with greater success th an any other genre.Haywards theory, that genres are not static but shifting and slippery, can be confidently implicated into the discussion, as they do not remain the same but adjust due to the audience and high society at the time. This notion can be foster enforced by theorist Toamshevsky, who suggested that no firm logical miscellany of genre is possible. Their demarcation is always historical, that is to say, it is only correct for a plunk for gear of history. This theory proposes that films produced as part of the science fiction genre, meditate attitudes, worries and conflicts within society at a given time.The texts held in inquiry all exhibit differences due to the influences of historical contexts that were apparent at the time. Invasion of the corpse Snatchers is manifestly a metaphor of society during the Cold War, with the seedcase muckle representing Russian communists. The 2007 remake, The Invasion, adopts different aspects as a result of society at this time . The anxieties present in this era are disease, infection and the idea that science is foolishly breaking boundaries, represented in The Invasion by a virus that turns people into an inhuman being. The faculty is more than Byzantine as it does not involve concerns of the present society. Instead, The module presents a postmodernist view of humanity through its self-referentiality drawing attention to its own twisting which offers little comment on social issues.Neale supports Toamshevskys point and suggests that genre creates nub in a fluid way. Genre can only make sense in relation to a variety of contextual factors. The contextual factors of institution, censorship, technology and gender representation have all affected these texts and created differences between them. Invasion of the body Snatchers was produced by Walter Wanger, who had an interest in topically political material, being responsible for the making of the anti-fascist film Blockade in 1938. The films screenw riter Mainwaring was even blacklisted himself as a communist sympathiser. Furthermore, the script was rewritten by Richard Collins, a former Communist Party functionary and co-author of the once disreputable Song of Russia. These institutional aspects of the film clearly show its intentions and ideologies as being pro-communism, making a satirical attack on McCarthyism. The Invasion was produced by Warner brothers and therefore has values in keeping with traditional America. The narrative of this film concludes with the uninfected triumphing over the alien life form and restoring the world to its front state. This clearly shows the difference in values as the ending is so definite, whereas in Body Snatchers the ending is not completely resolved, with the imagination of the audience determining the existent outcome. The Faculty appears to struggle in commenting on the real world we live in until the precise end of the film. We can see this ending as an ironic parody through Frede rick Jamesons definition of the term, as The Faculty mocks rather than plunders from tradition therefore interrogating other texts that it mimics. We ask questions around the way the narrative ends as it makes no sense, with everybody becoming better people due to the experience and contradicting there former characters.Censorship has shaped the three texts dramatically, having restricted the content of some and enabling others to show more alter footage. Invasion of the Body Snatchers was produced in 1956, a time where society was screen from unacceptable material by the MPDDA, therefore limiting the footage that could be shown, and which could be perceived as entertaining by the audience, for example violence, nudity and swearing. The Invasion and The Faculty, however, have not been affected by such rigorous censoring, being produced in a more lenient society. This has allowed both films to include more disturbing scenes such as the alien in The Faculty and the passage by whic h humans are converted into aliens in The Invasion.Technology similarly plays a significant part in recognising the differences between the texts. Invasion of the Body Snatchers lacks impressive, large scale scenes partly due to the deficiency of technology but also due to the economic context, as films were made on a much lower budget than they are today. Body Snatchers speak to a modern day equivalent of 4 million dollars whereas The Invasion cost a massive 80 million dollars. These economic differences have allowed films produced in the 21st century to be much more impressive in appearance than those created decades ago. The Faculty consisted of many scenes that relied heavily on special effects. However, the methods utilise could clearly be seen as fake and even comical. This may have been solely due to its postmodern influences but may also have been due to the standard of technology at the time. The Invasion includes much more realistic examples of technology in use, such as the shuttle falling to Earth and the suffocating green mucus that covers the peoples faces.Representations of gender are very different in the three texts. Body Snatchers clearly portrays a patricentric society where men are the bread winners and women are the housewives. Miles Bennell is the Proppian hero who is slowed rectify and hindered by his partner Becky Driscoll who has no relevance to the plot, ultimately becoming an alien and betraying Miles. The Invasion, however, swaps these roles, making the women the hero and the man the burden. This can be accounted for through the second wave of feminism in the late 1960s, characterised by the growing rise by women against their oppression as a sex. The idea of the crisis of masculinity is also encompassed within the film as men, such as Daniel Craig and Kidmans ex-husband Jeremy Northam, appear week, being dominated by Kidmans character and eventually overcome.Neales theory that genre exists through the repetition of differen ce is highly justifiable when looking at Invasion of the Body Snatchers, The Invasion and The Faculty. All three films are extremely familiar with the two most recent films taking their ideas directly from the 1956 classic. The Faculty is a repetition of Body Snatchers due to its close compliance with the texts narrative and conventions of alien organisms, as well as the fact that it makes direct references to Body Snatchers consistently throughout the film. The Invasion is a remake of Body Snatchers, therefore existing exclusively due to the earlier film. It does however have differences to the professional to make it more exciting and more in keeping with contemporaneous society, which has greater appeal to audiences. For these reasons Neales theoretical framework is valid, as are the supernumerary views of Hayward and Toamshevsky.

Enzyme Activity As A Function Of Substrate Concentration Biology Essay

Enzyme application As A Function Of Subst lay assimilation Biology EssayThe effect of intentness on enzyme natural mould. It can be noted that both enzyme source used had different results. Enzyme activity was greater when using the chicken liver rather than the cow liver.Generally the enzyme activity make ups as the drops of the enzyme (concentration) pro forgathers. at that place was a substantive increase when six drops of enzyme solution (chicken liver) was added. The height of the bubble rose to 4 cm. in that respect was a starchy increase between when 9-12 drops solution was added. A sharp increase occurred when 15 drops of enzyme solution was added. The height was recorded as 7.5 cm. thither was no significant increase onwardsWhen enzyme solution (cows liver) was added there was no significant increase in the first set of drops. The height was recorded to be 3.5 cm when 3 drops of enzyme solution was added. in that location was an increase from 3.5 to 4cm when 6 dro ps of solution was added. There were no further significant increases un adding the enzyme solution.Graph 2 shows the effect of temperature on enzyme activity. For this experiment an enzyme solution of cow liver was used. There was an increase in bubble height when the solution was pose at 25 C. There was a further increase in the height when the solution was placed at 50 C. The height was recorded as 4.2 cm. However at 70 C, there was no change. There was no evidence of bubbles suggesting that the enzyme had been denatured. commentGenerally enzyme activity increases with change magnitude temperature. However in this experiment there was an increase then a sudden drop in enzymatic activity. Enzymes crave certain conditions to be effective in their functioning. Some require certain temperatures to function. A reason behind the denaturing of the enzyme at 70 C is that the temperature was too high for the enzyme to function and it denatured due to this.Factors Affecting Enzyme Activ ityKnowledge of basic enzyme kinetic theory is important in enzyme synopsis in decree both to understand the basic enzymatic instrument and to select a method for enzyme analysis. The conditions selected to measure the activity of an enzyme would not be the same as those selected to measure the concentration of its subst straddle. Several factors affect the rate at which enzymatic replys proceed temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the presence of any inhibitors or activators.Temperature Effectshttp//www.worthington-biochem.com/IntroBiochem/images/ie21.gifLike al virtually chemical re effects, the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed answer increases as the temperature is raised. A ten degree Centigrade rise in temperature will increase the activity of virtually enzymes by 50 to 100%. Variations in reaction temperature as small as 1 or 2 degrees may introduce changes of 10 to 20% in the results. In the case of enzymatic reactions, this is complicated by the fact that galore(postnominal) enzymes be adversely affect by high temperatures. As shown in Figure 13, the reaction rate increases with temperature to a maximum level, then abruptly declines with further increase of temperature. Because most animal enzymes rapidly become denatured at temperatures above 40C, most enzyme determinations ar carried out somewhat below that temperature.Over a period of time, enzymes will be deactivated at even moderate temperatures. w atomic number 18housing of enzymes at 5C or below is generally the most suitable. Some enzymes lose their activity when frozen.Effects of pHEnzymes are affected by changes in pH. The most favorable pH value the exhibit where the enzyme is most active is known as the optimum pH. This is graphically illustrated in Figure 14.http//www.worthington-biochem.com/IntroBiochem/images/ie22.gifExtremely high or low pH determine generally result in complete loss of activity for most enzymes. pH is also a factor in the s tability of enzymes. As with activity, for each enzyme there is also a region of pH best stability.The optimum pH value will vary greatly from whiz enzyme to anotherEnzyme ConcentrationIn order to study the effect of increasing the enzyme concentration upon the reaction rate, the substrate must be return in an excess measuring rod i.e., the reaction must be in reliant of the substrate concentration. Any change in the amount of overlap formed over a specified period of time will be depgoalent upon the level of enzyme present. Graphically this can be represented ashttp//www.worthington-biochem.com/IntroBiochem/images/ie09.gifThese reactions are said to be zero order because the rates are individual of substrate concentration, and are equal to some constant k. The formation of product proceeds at a rate which is linear with time. The addition of more than substrate does not serve to increase the rate. In zero order kinetics, allowing the assay to run for double time results in double the amount of product.The amount of enzyme present in a reaction is measured by the activity it catalyzes. The relationship between activity and concentration is affected by many factors such as temperature, pH, etc. An enzyme assay must be designed so that the observed activity is proportional to the amount of enzyme present in order that the enzyme concentration is the nevertheless limiting factor. It is satisfied only when the reaction is zero order.Enzyme activity is generally greatest when substrate concentration is unlimiting.Effects of Inhibitors on Enzyme ActivityEnzyme inhibitors are substances which alter the catalytic action of the enzyme and consequently slow down, or in some cases, stop catalysis. There are three common types of enzyme banning competitive, non-competitive and substrate proscription.Most theories concerning inhibition mechanisms are based on the existence of the enzyme-substrate complex ES. Competitive inhibition occurs when the substrate and a substance resembling the substrate are both added to the enzyme. A theory called the lock- let on theory of enzyme catalysts can be used to explain wherefore inhibition occurs.The lock and key theory utilizes the pattern of an active site. The concept holds that one particular portion of the enzyme surface has a strong relationship for the substrate. The substrate is held in such a way that its conversion to the reaction products is more favorable. If we consider the enzyme as the lock and the substrate the key the key is inserted in the lock, is turned, and the door is opened and the reaction proceeds. However, when an inhibitor which resembles the substrate is present, it will contest with the substrate for the position in the enzyme lock. When the inhibitor wins, it gains the lock position but is unable(p) to open the lock. Hence, the observed reaction is slowed down because some of the available enzyme sites are occupied by the inhibitor. If a dissimilar substance which does not fit the site is present, the enzyme rejects it, accepts the substrate, and the reaction proceeds normally.ACTIVE SITEThis is the part of an enzyme or antibody where the chemical reaction occursSUBSTRATEIn biochemistry, a substrate is a molecule upon which an enzyme acts. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions involving the substrate(s). In the case of a champion substrate, the substrate binds with the enzyme active site, and an enzyme-substrate complex is formed. The substrate is transformed into one or more products, which are then released from the active siteENZYME SUBSTRATE conglomerateThis is when the substrate binds reversibly to the enzyme forming a complexANABOLISMAnabolism, or biosynthesis, is the process by which biography organisms synthesize complex molecules of life from simpler ones. Anabolism, together with catabolism, are the two series of chemical processes in carrels that are, together, called metabolism. Anabolic reactions are different processes. That is, relatively few types of raw materials are used to synthesize a wide variety of end products. This results in an increase in cellular size or complexity-or both.Anabolic processes produce peptides, proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and nucleic acids. These molecules comprise all the materials of living cells, such as membranes and chromosomes, as well as the specialized products of specific types of cells, such as enzymes, antibodies, hormones, and neurotransmitters.CATBOLISMCatabolism, the opposite of anabolism, produces smaller molecules used by the cell to synthesize larger molecules, as will be described below. Thus, in contrast to the divergent reactions of anabolism, catabolism is a convergent process, in which many different types of molecules are broken down into relatively few types of end products...

Thursday, March 28, 2019

Wuthering Heights (comments) :: essays research papers

ESSAY ON WUTHERING highPLOT & STORYThe plot is designed in one-third part Chapters 1-3, Introduction Chapters 4 (Volume 1) to chapter16 (Volume 2), Nellys report of the fable last quartette chapters, H areton and Cathys relationship. In general, The plot is dense and fast moving.The commencement exercise three chapters concern go forth in 1801, when Mr. Lockwood meet Heathcliff (his landlord) in Wuthering Heights. There, he similarly meets Hareton Earnshaw, Cathy Linton, Joseph and Zillah. The curious demeanour of the inhabitants and his nightmare, make him feel curiosity about them. Back in Thrushcross Grange, he asks his servant, Nelly, to tell the story of Heathcliffs life.From chapter 4 (Vol.1) to chapter 17 (Vol.2), Nelly narrates the story of the first extension &8211 Catherine Earnshaw, her brother Hindley and her sister-in-law Isabella &8211 This story annuls in chapter 3 (Vol.2), when Heathcliff becomes the owner of Wuthering Heights. Then, Nelly continues the story talk about the second generation &8211 Cathy Linton, Linton Heathcliff and Hareton Earnshaw &8211 Heathcliff, Edgar Linton, Nelly and Joseph are present in some(prenominal) generations.Afterwards, Mr. Lockwood leaves the place after a visit to Wuthering Heights where he observes the festering love between Cathy and Hareton (chapter17, Vol.2). Lockwood comes back some months later and Nelly tells him the end of the story, which is withal the end of Heathcliff, and the future wedding of Hareton and Cathy.CHARACTERSHeathcliffMr. Earnshaw found him in Liverpool and he took him to Wuthering Heights. His origins are unknown and this gives him an air of mystery.As a child, the first impressions we devil of him are through Nellys words for her, he is a dirty, ragged, black-haired child, as dark more or less as if it came from the devil (chapter 4,vol.1). But, as an adult, Mr. Lockwood secerns him as a dark-skinned gypsy in aspect, in clothe and military manners a gentleman(ch apter1, vol.1) and he also tell us that he had an tumid and handsome figure (chapter 1,vol.1). Those descriptions are contradictory but it is due to the actor forked treatment of Heathcliff we are sympathetic to him and horrified by him. This also makes the sheath complex and lifelike.As a complex character, it is difficult to describe him in all but we can say he is a man of action, about related to nature (to the moors and the atmosphere of Wuthering Heights), and with very powerful feelings. He would cost passion beyond the social, the ordinary.Wuthering Heights (comments) essays research papers ESSAY ON WUTHERING HEIGHTSPLOT & STORYThe plot is designed in three parts Chapters 1-3, Introduction Chapters 4 (Volume 1) to chapter16 (Volume 2), Nellys report of the story last four chapters, Hareton and Cathys relationship. In general, The plot is dense and fast moving.The first three chapters take place in 1801, when Mr. Lockwood meet Heathcliff (his landlord) in Wuthering Heights. There, he also meets Hareton Earnshaw, Cathy Linton, Joseph and Zillah. The strange behaviour of the inhabitants and his nightmare, make him feel curiosity about them. Back in Thrushcross Grange, he asks his servant, Nelly, to tell the story of Heathcliffs life.From chapter 4 (Vol.1) to chapter 17 (Vol.2), Nelly narrates the story of the first generation &8211 Catherine Earnshaw, her brother Hindley and her sister-in-law Isabella &8211 This story ends in chapter 3 (Vol.2), when Heathcliff becomes the owner of Wuthering Heights. Then, Nelly continues the story talking about the second generation &8211 Cathy Linton, Linton Heathcliff and Hareton Earnshaw &8211 Heathcliff, Edgar Linton, Nelly and Joseph are present in both generations.Afterwards, Mr. Lockwood leaves the place after a visit to Wuthering Heights where he observes the growing love between Cathy and Hareton (chapter17, Vol.2). Lockwood comes back some months later and Nelly tells him the end of the story, which is also the end of Heathcliff, and the future wedding of Hareton and Cathy.CHARACTERSHeathcliffMr. Earnshaw found him in Liverpool and he took him to Wuthering Heights. His origins are unknown and this gives him an air of mystery.As a child, the first impressions we get of him are through Nellys words for her, he is a dirty, ragged, black-haired child, as dark almost as if it came from the devil (chapter 4,vol.1). But, as an adult, Mr. Lockwood describes him as a dark-skinned gypsy in aspect, in dress and manners a gentleman(chapter1, vol.1) and he also tell us that he had an erect and handsome figure (chapter 1,vol.1). Those descriptions are contradictory but it is due to the author ambiguous treatment of Heathcliff we are sympathetic to him and horrified by him. This also makes the character complex and lifelike.As a complex character, it is difficult to describe him completely but we can say he is a man of action, closely related to nature (to the moors and the atmosphere of Wuther ing Heights), and with very powerful feelings. He would represent passion beyond the social, the ordinary.

Internet Chat Rooms :: Essays Papers

Inter electronic network Chat RoomsThis is a summary of the annual report for Air Wisconsin Airlines Corporation (EIN 39-1767281) and the Air Wis savings Plan for January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2000. The annual report has been filed with the Internal receipts Service, as required under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA). underlying FINANCIAL STATEMENTBenefits under the design are provided by a Trust fund. Plan expenses were $1,195,590. These expenses included $15,409 in administrative expenses and $1,180,181 in benefits pay to fictional charactericipants and beneficiaries. A total of 521 persons were participants in or beneficiaries of the object at the remnant of the design year, although not all of these persons had yet earned the right to gather in benefits.The appraise of plan assets, after subtracting liabilities of the plan, was $14,356,781 as of December 31, 2000, compared to $15,365,975 as of January 1, 2000. During the plan year the plan experienced a decrease in its net assets of $1,009,194. This decrease includes unrealized appreciation or depreciation in the value of plan assets, that is, the difference between the value of the plans assets at the end of the year and the value of the assets at the beginning of the year or the cost of assets acquired during the year. The plan had total income of $187,424 including employer contributions of $883,743 , employee contributions of $891,413, and earnings from investments of $18,556.YOUR RIGHTS TO ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONYou have the right to contact a simulate of the full annual report, or each part thereof. To obtain a copy of the full annual report, or any part thereof, write or call the office of Air Wisconsin Airlines Corporation, who is the plan sponsor/plan administrator. You can direct your request to Air Wisconsin Airlines Corporation, Employee Relations, W6390 contention Drive, Suite 203, Appleton, WI 54915-9120, (920) 739-5123. The charge to cov er copying costs result be $1.00 for the full annual report, or $.25 per page for any part thereof.You overly have the right to receive from the plan administrator, on request and at no charge, a statement of the assets and liabilities of the plan and accompanying notes, or a statement of income and expenses of the plan and accompanying notes, or both. If you request a copy of the full annual report from the plan administrator, these two statements and accompanying notes will be included as part of that report.

Wednesday, March 27, 2019

A River Runs Through Us Essay -- Essays Papers

A River Runs Through Us 1. The Anacostia River is a fable for the way poor people and minorities are enured (Hoover). In 1994, the Anacostia River was twenty- 5 percent on the list of the Statesn Rivers Most endanger Rivers (Rynor). Since the late 19 th century the water quality in this river has slowly declined with the onslaught of urbanization and industrialization and the pollution that accompanies this growth. The Anacostia is severely contaminated with sediment, nutrients, pathogens, toxins, and trash ( alter). And it is no coincidence that the river runs through some of working capital D.C.s poorest communities in the south-eastern sections of the city. 2. environmental injustice has been an ongoing battle that continues to plague many a(prenominal) lower class, spunky minority communities. Environmental injustices occur when low-income communities and communities of color live a disproportionate burden of the nations pollution problems (Bullard 15). Three of every five African Americans bear in communities with abandoned toxic neutralise sites (Bullard toxic). In a 1991 report Greenpeace explained that, being poor in America means airing foul air, working filthy jobs, and living succeeding(a) to toxic waste landfills and incinerators (Novotny 13). 3. In chapiter, D.C. much of the pollution plaguing the Anacostia River is caused by trash, unsanded cloaca and outpouring from the city streets in the rivers drainage area, or watershed. When the Districts sewage system exceeds electrical condenser due to telling rains, the runoff is dumped into the Anacostia River (Cleaning). betwixt 75 and 90 percent of the pollution is caused by runoff from areas of Washington, D.C. with heavy pavement, roads, and parking lots, which break runof... ... origination/document. Loeb, Vernon. Currents of Change. The Washington Post 01 Dec 1996 B01. LexisNexis. Aladin. Gelman Library, Washington, D.C. 25 Feb 2003 h ttp//web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/document . Novotny, Patrick. Where We Live, domesticate and Play . Westport, Connecticut Praeger Publishers, 2000. Raynor, Joyce. Bill Norton Would Fund Grass-Roots River Cleanups. The Washington Post 3 Mar. 1994 J3. Lexis-Nexis. Aladin. Gelman Library, Washington, D.C. 25 Feb. 2003. Ruffins, Paul. Talking Trash. Washington City subject 26 Jan. 2001. 25 Feb. 2003. . Spencer, Duncan. Caucus Rallies for Anacostia. The Washington Post 8 Jan 2003 Pg.23. LexisNexis. Gelman Library, Washington, D.C. 30 March 2003 . A River Runs Through Us Essay -- Essays PapersA River Runs Through Us 1. The Anacostia River is a metaphor for the way poor people and minorities are treated (Hoover). In 1994, the Anacostia River was fourth on the list of American Rivers Most Endangered Rivers (Rynor). Since the late 19 th century the water quality in this river has slowly declined with the onset of urbanizati on and industrialization and the pollution that accompanies this growth. The Anacostia is severely polluted with sediment, nutrients, pathogens, toxins, and trash (Cleaning). And it is no coincidence that the river runs through some of Washington D.C.s poorest communities in the south-eastern sections of the city. 2. Environmental injustice has been an ongoing battle that continues to plague many lower class, high minority communities. Environmental injustices occur when low-income communities and communities of color bear a disproportionate burden of the nations pollution problems (Bullard 15). Three of every five African Americans live in communities with abandoned toxic waste sites (Bullard Toxic). In a 1991 report Greenpeace explained that, being poor in America means breathing foul air, working filthy jobs, and living next to toxic waste landfills and incinerators (Novotny 13). 3. In Washington, D.C. much of the pollution plaguing the Anacostia River is caused by trash, raw sewage and runoff from the city streets in the rivers drainage area, or watershed. When the Districts sewage system exceeds capacity due to heavy rains, the runoff is dumped into the Anacostia River (Cleaning). Between 75 and 90 percent of the pollution is caused by runoff from areas of Washington, D.C. with heavy pavement, roads, and parking lots, which produce runof... ...universe/document. Loeb, Vernon. Currents of Change. The Washington Post 01 Dec 1996 B01. LexisNexis. Aladin. Gelman Library, Washington, D.C. 25 Feb 2003 http//web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/document . Novotny, Patrick. Where We Live, Work and Play . Westport, Connecticut Praeger Publishers, 2000. Raynor, Joyce. Bill Norton Would Fund Grass-Roots River Cleanups. The Washington Post 3 Mar. 1994 J3. Lexis-Nexis. Aladin. Gelman Library, Washington, D.C. 25 Feb. 2003. Ruffins, Paul. Talking Trash. Washington City Paper 26 Jan. 2001. 25 Feb. 2003. . Spencer , Duncan. Caucus Rallies for Anacostia. The Washington Post 8 Jan 2003 Pg.23. LexisNexis. Gelman Library, Washington, D.C. 30 March 2003 .

Tuesday, March 26, 2019

Heroics of Women in Ibsens A Dolls House Essay -- A Dolls House Essays

Heroics of Women in Ibsens A Dolls HouseThe Heroics of WomenHenrik Ibsens A Dolls House is a play astir(predicate) a young wife and her husband. Nora and Helmer seem to be madly in love with one another and very content with their lives together. Yet the conflict comes into this show when Nora brags to her friend Ms. Linde ab away how she had forged her pay backs name to borrow specie to save her husbands life and how she had been secretly paying off this debt. Helmer finds out about this offence and is furious, until he finds that no one will ever know about it. This entire conflict is written to bring to light the ridiculous affable expectations demanded of both women and men. Ibsen expertly leads the consultation into accepting that these social expectations are mad and wrong. The audience buys into this so much that in the end when Nora stands firm and refuses to electric discharge down to what society demands of her, we see her as the hero.The social expectations of me n in the late nineteenth century was of a more patriarchal thought-line then(prenominal) it is today. The man of the house was expected to be the sole provider. This works ruff for the families of that time, because they believed that by natural design men alone were capable of managing money wisely and carefully. The first scene of the show we see Helmer and Nora acting out this belief. Helmer comes in and he and Nora argue over how much can be spent for Christmas. Has the little spendthrift been out throwing money around over again? (Ibsen 1569) He naturally assumes that Nora, being a woman, is out frivolously wasting money. This belief comes very naturally to Helmer. He is the model man of his time, as well as this one. He has a bright future ahead, cares for his family, is openhearted to his w... ...e door of the apartment she begins her journey to find the truth and to leave the lies and illusions posterior (Hemmer 82). She sets out to cure her childishness by going out to contain of life without someone coloring it to their pleasing for her. Noras faults that are save throughout the play are evidence of her childlike nature. Nora constantly is munching on and subsequently hiding candy, she off-handedly lies, and also cant resist vaporing to Ms. Linde about what she has done (Boyesen 214). Nora walks out the door to find herself and to learn of life. She leaves the audience much as Ms. Linde met them. She has no hope or future and is alone. She is paralleled to identify by his exiting his life into the unknown of death completely alone, and she exits her life to insert the unknown of the real world, the world that had been hidden and kept from her (Northam 108)

Opera Essay -- essays research papers fc

Imagine you atomic number 18 in a darkened theater and on stage are the actors. Behind the actors you can see the scenery. Down in front of the stage, in what is c everyed the pit, is an orchestra and a conductor. As the orchestra plays, the actors on stage do not speak their lines they sing themOpera is the combination of manoeuvre and music. same drama, opera embraces the entire spectrum of theatrical elements dialogue, acting, costumes, scenery and swear out, on the button it is the sum of all these elements, combined with music, which defines the art form called opera. Operatic dramas are ordinarily serious, but there are several comic operas and funny scenes in sad operas. The music is usually complicated and difficult to sing well. Only the roughly skillful singers can handle it. The cast is usually made up of main characters (the soloists) and a utter (a group of singers who act as a crowd of people involved in the action of the plot). Some operas fall in scenes in which dancing is performed by a small ballet group.Operas usually begin with an overture - an introduction played by the orchestra alone. Once the mantle goes up, the soloists and chorus sing throughout most of the drama. Arias (songs sung by soloists) are the important points in an opera. In an aria, a character sings about his or her feelings and thoughts, or about what he or she is going to do.Between arias, the soloists whitethorn sing back and fourth to each other in a kind of musical discussion called recitatives. Besides singing arias, soloists often gather together to sing duets, trios, quartets, quintets, or sextets at various points in the opera. The chorus usually has several songs to sing, either alone or with the soloists. The music follows the action and mood of the plot.Operas are usually performed in special buildings called opera houses. A choreographer creates the dances, and the chorus master rehearses the singers. The conductor leads the entire opera performanc e from his or her place in the pit. The soloists, chorus members and the dancers follow the directions of the conductor.The ancient Greeks blended drama and music, but opera as we know it today developed in Italy in the late 1500s. At first, the music was used mainly for background. However, by the end of the century, the drama and the music were equally important. The opera innovation enliven about of the biggest composers known today. In France, Je... ...) and Puccinis Madame Butterfly (1904) to list just a few. Famous recording opera stars include Enrico Caruso, Maria Callas, hoot Joan Sutherland, Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, Plcido Domingo, Luciano Pavarotti, and Jos Carreras. During the 400-year history of modern opera, there have been some improvements in the art of music drama. Throughout its history opera has exerted large(p) influence on other forms of music. The symphony, for example, began as an instrumental introduction to 18th-century Italian opera. The cadenzas of violin and piano concertos emerged, in large part, from an attempt to replicate some of operas vocal intensity. Opera will continue to be a propulsive art form.BibliographyBoynick, Matt. Richard Wagner -List of Works by Genre and Title.Richard Wagner. 1996 Feb. 1. http//w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de/cmp/wagner.htmlBuckman, Jan H. J.S. George Frederic Handel. Handel Homepage. 2005 Jan. http//www.let.rug.nl/Linguistics/diversen/handel/map.html Kamien, Roger. Music An Appreciation. impertinently York, NY 2004Okuda, Michael, and Denise Okuda. Greatest Composers. New York Pocket, 1993.Sturgeon, Theodore. "Opera." The Encyclopedia Americana. International ed. 1995.

Monday, March 25, 2019

Climbing Rocks and Dreams :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay

I am the bravest guy I know. I dont mean to brag, still thats on the dot the government agency it is. Granted, Im not great pals with any prisoners of war or any cowboys, but I am a rideer, and climbers are hardcore. By sheer will, climbers outgo overhanging rock faces, risk life and limb in the pursuit of the summit, and just generally go all out all the time. Aside from being able to handle the risk, climbers latch onto the sharpest and most painful handholds for the simplest reward of having climbed a ill-tempered rock wall. No, climbers dont seek attention from the crowds or big bucks for competing they climb with the pure, unadulterated motivation of being brave enough to achieve their dreams. What places me in the upper most tier of bravery among climbers, arent the bold routes Ive conquered, but kinda my willingness to commit to my dreams with irrefutable impetuousness. Throughout my 17 years of life, Ive always had an affinity for adventure. The same irrational cravi ng I had as a baby for extended power outages fueled my desire to be a climber-in particular my desire to climb at Americas most famous bouldering area, Hueco Tanks, Texas. While I had done a significant amount of climbing beforehand, including a seven-day Southern climbing tour with the Adventure Guild, I had only gotten my infantry in the door of the climbing scene. I had to have more. My participation in this trip to Hueco not only placed me on the road to comme il faut a prominent climber, but also enlightened me to my outstanding bravery. thither wasnt a single thing that s autoed me there. Even from the very beginning, I started out on the courageous path. I had been sick the week leash up to the trip, but no, I didnt let the fear of being detached sick in a tent in the middle of the sugariness hold me back. It was a beautiful early afternoon after the hold out half-day of school before spring break, and I was getting in my car totally distraught over my parents decision that I would not go on the trip. (After all, they had only let me come to school that day because I had to take a math test.) After tossing my books in the back pose of my car, I casually cruised over to the microbus where Stuart, the trip leader, and the rest of the climbers were busily making final preparations for their departure.

Jonathan Edwards and the Puritan Mind Essay example -- essays papers

Jonathan Edwards and the puritan MindIf one were to study the idea of prude musical theme through only the reading of these three works of Jonathan Edwards, one could belike gather a good idea of the interior workings of the Puritan brainiac. These three works do well to disclose to the reader the inner and outer workings of Jonathan Edwards. The Personal Narrative displays to the reader Jonathan Edwards visualise of himself as he progressed through life, and the ideals and the things that were most valuable to him, and the things that were a hindrance to himself. The language A Divine and Supernatural Light exhibits the nature of Jonathan Edwards intellectual mind, and the view of expository preaching that he and the Puritan mind may film held and endorsed. Fin on the wholey, Sinners in the Hand of an Angry God shows Jonathan Edwards pettishness for people to scrape up to the same savvy of God as he (and most separate Puritans) held. Through these three literary pieces we will see how the Puritan mind grapples with the goals of inner and outer piety, and how they concern themselves with the eternal position of their soul.Jonathan Edwards, as a model of Puritan life, lived a life that concerned itself greatly with coming into court and feeling godly. Most of the Personal Narrative shows Edwards in a struggle between delighting in God, and returning like a dog to his vomit, (176) and passing the way of sin. It seems, though, as Edwards grew in his faith, his concern for piety grew even further. At several points in his life he decided to part with all things in the world for an interest in Christ (177). Edwards struggled to delight himself in the things of God and surround himself with those things, often shutting other things out in order that he ma... ... salvation as some liberal theologians would adumbrate to us. In conclusion, Edwards paints a very unmistakable picture of how a Puritan mind works through these three essays/sermons in this book. Puritan image is seen as very pious, reflective, spiritual, works-based, concerned about their salvation, and exclusive in nature. Edwards offers a three-dimensional view of how his mind works through the narrative of his personal life (Personal Narrative), the work of his intellectual mind (A Divine and Supernatural Light), and the passion of his soul (Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God). Being a bookman of theology, I found it an interesting insight into how his mind worked, in perceive Edwards view of God. I am a firm believer in understanding people and their motivation by looking at their understanding of God. Edwards was an excellent example of the Puritan mind.

Sunday, March 24, 2019

Essay --

Taylor StoiberMr. Dobberstein Research audition1/13/14Rotten orchard apple tree apple is a king in the technology world poisoning every surface area of the industry that they have introduced a product too. They are slowly weeding their disceptation by. The exclusively a partnership thrives in the thorn bush market is if they are in cahoots with orchard apple tree. apples co-founder Steve Jobs, started the company with all intention of dominating the market. The only obstacle for them is the Anti-trust equity created ages ago. Apple, in their attempt to take the market over, has been single-foot up evidence against themselves. There reach has leaped boarders and even caught the attention of the European Union. Apple is pushing their boundaries and in the future will eventually cocker the plication in to monopolistic actions. Sir Steve Jobs, the almighty co-founder of Apple started apple dreaming big. The Harvard College dropout carried through with that dream. Accord ing to Leander Kahney, author of Inside Steves Brain, apple went public 1980 with the biggest public offering since 1958 (2008), this offer proved successful as apple soon became a super power. Apple suffered a fall out though, but Steve Jobs came back and rescued them, reviving them to their previous superlative. A stature limited by the law. The Anti- trust law to be exact. According to The heavy Court 1888-1910 the Antitrust law was passed in 1904 (2005, p 2). This law was organise after a large legal case Northern Securities Co. v. linked States where the Supreme Court sided with President Roosevelt (Flash Focus, 2005). This case has had major effects on todays marketing techniques and monopolistic companies. Apple, being one of these monopolistic type companies, has had to deal with some scrutiny over t... ...ften times Apple will simply take the fine because it can afford to, and would kind of pay the money then fairly open their trade secrets up to the world. This loo phole in the law, if you will, is allowing for Apple to pay its way through anti-monopoly laws and regulations. Unfortunately Apple is able to buy its way out of trouble and slowly rap its competition. Apple needs new regulations enforced on it to keep the company in check. Especially because Steve Jobs went into the company with full intentions of domination and dominate he did. Apple was kept mildly in check by the Anti-trust law which Apple still managed to find loop holes in. Finally the evidence of a growing monopoly is there. Apple has even gained scrutiny on an international scale. Apple is pushing their boundaries and in the future will eventually cross the line in to monopolistic actions.

Vouchers and School Choice - First Step Towards a Discriminatory Educa

nurture Vouchers The First Step Towards a Discriminatory Educational System On November 9, 1998, Jennifer Marshall, Education Policy Analyst for the Family Research Council, declargond in a press statement agnate choice in education retributory got a green light from the irresponsible Court. Her statement came as a response to the decision do the same day by the Supreme Court to deny a petition for a writ of certiorari in Jackson v. Benton, a episode in Wisconsin which challenges the constitutionality of vouchers in in the public eye(predicate) education. By refusing to take this case, the Supreme Court lets a decision made in the state supreme court stand, in which the court upheld the Milwaukee Parental Choice Program as constitutional. The United States Supreme Court voted nigh unanimously to deny cert, indicating either that they agree with the Wisconsin courts decision or that the case is not worthy of their time or consideration, or both. (Neither the lone dissenter, j udge Stephen Breyer, nor the 8-justice majority released any explanations of their actions.) Legally, their choice not to hear the case sends a passive but clear message vouchers in public schools are valid under the Constitution of the United States. However, head words remain surrounding the particulars of the Wisconsin program, as well as the larger questions over the concept of vouchers in general. mavin that is raised is Can the government in good faith dominance the removal of children from the public schools, at its own outgo and at the expense of the children who remain in those public schools? The Court has been strangely inconsistent in its treatment of voucher cases. In 1973, The Court found that vouchers for religious schools violate the establishment clause, but ... ...The reasons given for extant voucher programs are admirable what decent-minded society could object to giving disadvantaged students a greater determine? The fundamental problem with voucher progr ams is that they only treat the symptom, and in the routine create a whole new community of disadvantaged children. By refusing to review Jackson v. Benton, the Supreme Court is simply ignoring a question the justices lead soon be forced to answer do voucher programs violate the Constitution on grounds other than the separation of church building and state? It is a question they will have to consider good for its ideological, sociological, and political implications. A vote in favor of voucher programs will give the go-ahead to a construction that could lead to nothing more(prenominal) than an educational model of residential urban sprawl, separating the desirables from the undesirables.

Saturday, March 23, 2019

Advocating Elderly Americans Essay -- Advocates Senior Citizens

The antique in America have m both conveys that can cat from transportation, a low more money, and even just a little companionship but one of their major needs is advocacy. They need soulfulness to stand up and appointment with them for what the need. The elderly of today did so lots for this country such things as fight both world wars and the Korean Conflict, they fought for equality, and the escalated this country to the grandness we have today.So what is an advocate? Advocate is a person or group that represents a common interest and goes to great lengths to see that their cause is not throw awayed. So why does our elderly need advocates? Our elderly need advocates for various reasons. They need someone to fight with relation over healthc are cost and issues, they need someone to defend them against neglect and abuse, and most of every(prenominal) they need someone to make them aware of the operate and programs obtainable to make their lives easier. Advocates are very important to our elderly as well as they should be no one wants to be alone, we all want someone to fight beside us. So who does stand up and fight for our elderly?In all parts of the United States there are Offices for the develop to assist our elderly with obtaining the swear outs they deserve. The Office for the Aging was created to encourage self-determination, self-promotion and self-sufficiency among the elderly. They also wanted to make seniors aware of the work available to them and their families. Over the years that Offices for the Aging has existed they have created networks of connections in many aspects with in each of their communities. Through their broad range of connections they can assist any one with any problems. Most people feel as though the Office for the Aging is nothing more than a referral agency. There could be nothing further from the truth, Office for the Aging offers a wide medley of serve ups but if they do not offer a service that you need they can and willing refer you to an agency that can. One of the services that the Office for the Aging offers is Social Security counseling. This is a big service because of the changing laws and the complexity of the laws it is tough for many elderly to understand mightily obtain all of the money they are entitled to. Office for the Aging can also go to your Social Security hearing for you if you compliments that they do so. The Office for ... ...as quoted as saying, Its virtually impossible to usurp lynchpin the House or win the presidency without taking back the seniors. That makes them the key battleground In the upcoming decade there will be over 76 million baby boomers that will be over 65 that mean they will have more personnel then any other voting cohort in America. This heart the attention that the senior choose is getting will become stronger and stronger. ripened people are more likely to vote that are young people this means that seniors can be their own ad vocate. Seniors can be their own advocates by voting people into office that will vote their way on important issues. Voting is a powerful legal document for all people but is often overlooked.Advocacy is an important in order for voices to be heard. Seniors citizens have various needs and as match humans it is our obligation to protect them. They paved the way for our countrys prosperity who are we to put them out pasture.Works Cited www.aarp.orgwww.americangeriatrics.orgwww.carie.orgwww.commoncause.orgwww.ncscinc.orgwww.senior.orgThe gerontologist. Older batch and Voting Participation Past and Future by Robert Binstock. February 2000.

Smoking Cigarettes :: Argumentative Persuasive Example Essays

The Silent KillerIntro-      Hello everyone, if you dont already know, my name is Greg Mrowka, and Im here to talk to you intimately the still killer, weed. My goal in ordering you about smoking is that you yourselves will non one day become a casualty in the struggle on smoking. I myself am already in the numbers as one of the addicted, potential casualties. From experience, and through witnessing many deaths on behalf of smoking I believe I am well qualified on telling you about this subject. Goals-     Firstly I will tell about the propaganda fag end smoking and what influences people to turn to smoking, then I will tell you about the ill-effects that smoking propositions for all of its customers, and finally I will tell you about how to avoid or block up smoking.Influences- The first and evidently strongest influence is peer pressureSecond argon advertisements made to juvenile teens and children as well as a majority of the blac k communityOral citation-Of all people who have ever tried a cigarette, 88 percent tried their first cigarette by get along with 18.- Tobacco Use Among Young People A Report of the sawbones General," 1994, p. 67.Citation-Every day, the tobacco companies get about 3,000 new customers -- kids.- 3000/day new customers JAMA, January 6, 1989Ill-effects-several diseases plunder be contracted from the use of cigarettes., these include cancer, hair loss, wrinkles, buergers disease, psoriasis, look illness, impotence, cervical cancer, ulcers, discoloration of teeth and fingers, osteoporosis, hearing loss, etcAll of these ailments will be detailed on the visual aidHow to quit or not smoke-The easiest ways to prevent smoking are simple, most smokers start smoking at a young age, if you dont smoke period your in school, you are more likely not to smoke ulterior on. Keep yourself away from smoker scenes, avoid being in restaurants that surrender smoking.To quit is hardThey also know t hat of the ones who try to quit only about 3% succeed.- Those who try to quit 3% succeed MORBIDITY AND mortality rate WEEKLY REPORT, CDC, DECEMBER 23, 1994 Wheres our right to quit? Tobacco companies know that 70% of smokers want to quit but cant.- 70% of smokers want to quit but cant http//www.cdc.gov/tobacco/research_data/bka/ythaddct.htmHowever here are ways, but they include drastic changes in life style i way is to simply alter your day to day activities, try worldly concern transport instead of driving, because you cant smoke there, go to different restaurants and if demand hang out with your usual friends less often.

Trying Martial Arts :: essays research papers

stressful m nontextual matterial(a) humanistic discipline soldier similar Arts are not a good social occasion to sack out. It gives you a false sense of superiority. Which makes you more strong-growing than you would be normally would be. With this aggression you would most likely go break through and start fights. You would always be mad and want to trauma something. Martial Arts are not a good thing to know.On the contrary, in martial arts you are taught to control your anger. You are taught not to let your feelings interfere with your skills. Martial arts encourage violence. It allows multitude the chance to pick on other people who dont know the art. It gives the one who knows it an upper hand against everybody else. If the wrong people learn this art we could all be in trouble. They would go around terrorizing everything and body.The first thing you are taught in whatever art you take is that you should never design what you know unless you have no choice. In this ar t there is no such thing as the wrong kind of person, all people with enough training are able to know right from wrong. It helps regulate lines between authority figures and citizens. It also teaches you to respect you r parents and elders more.You are more likely to hurt psyche if you are trained in an art. When you realise in a fight you are going to either mischievously injure the other person or even kill them. penetrating these types of arts is something that should have been lost in is history, it has no place in todays society. It only causes problems and teaches us to hurt each other. Martial Arts shouldnt be considered self-defense but more like a weapon to kill.Yes you are more likely to hurt someone if, and only if, you are provoked into a fight that is unavoidable. This is exactly wherefore you are taught right from the beginning that you do not use it. but if it comes down to it you are trained to have self-control and to know how ofttimes force is necessary to talk the other person down.Martial Arts teach people that fighting is the way to solve all problems. By giving the skill to fight to people they will think that they force out win an argument buy fighting and not talking. It promotes people to hurt rather than heal and makes arguments a scary thing to have.

Friday, March 22, 2019

The Clinton Health Plan :: Research Term Papers Essays

The Clinton Health program The wellness fearfulness situation in the United States is in stately need of achange. The United States spends more m stary on health tending per individualthan any other nation in the being (14%of its GNP in 1991), and that amountis quickly rising. Virtually every(prenominal)one, from doctors to politicians,recognize the unmanageable situation of health cargon in America, and realizethat something must be done. In order to attempt to correct the failures of the current health c besituation, one must understand the problems that led to the deteriorationof the health care system. Perhaps the main problem with health care todayis that there are 37 million Americans without insurance, and another 20million are underinsured Another large problem with the way health care is concisely organizedis - as Clinton helpfully points out - waste. Some common examples are Paperwork There are thousands of insurance companies in the US, andeach one has umteen forms for doctors and patients to fill out. So much so,that doctors spend more time better their handwriting than healingpeople. Greed and Profiteering Some drug companies make over 10,000% profit onthe drugs they manufacture. In 1991, the median income of doctors was$139,000 for general practitioners and $512,000 for specialists. Unneeded operation and Tests Possibly 15 to 35% of certain types ofoperations and tests are unneeded. Malpractice Suits and defensiveMedicine Doctors pay high premiums on malpractice insurance which causesthem to charge more. The actor that these premiums are so high is becausecurrently there are lots no limits to an amount that can be sued forpain and damages. Defensive care for - procedures done to protect doctorsfrom being sued - is costing this country greatly. Recognizing that waste is one of the greatest causes of the high pricesin health care, Clinton has introduced a plan to decree the health caresystem by eliminatin g waste, and making sure that every single American canbe sweeped by a health plan. Clintons plan is based on three premises. First, that there is enoughwaste in the current health care system to cover the costs of his new plan.Second, that his plan will create competition at heart the insurance industry. Last, that his plan can put a cap on insurance prices. The core of Clintons plan is to set up regional health alliances,

Blacks, Prison, Prejudice, and Institutional Racism :: Sociology Racism Prejudice Essays

inexorables, Prison, and Institutional racismIntroduction Criminal justice and security is one of the largest industries inthe linked States. Such a statistic is (and rightly so) of great concern toAfro-Americans because a disproportionate percentage of individuals under thecontrol of the US Criminal Justice governance atomic number 18 from the portentous community. Thispaper will look at the fearful statistics and attempt to trace the roots of thedisparity. It will then project the affects and search possible solutions tothe expanding problem.The Imprisoned inglorious Youth Black communities throughout the U.S. atomic number 18 witnessingthe institutionalization of their youth. Of course institutionalization isnothing new to Afro-Americans, it is something Blacks discombobulate faced since theirexistence in this country. In the beginning Blacks were forced into theinstitution of slaveholding. After the abolition of slavery Blacks facedinstitutional racism, that is, ra cism legitimated by the whole of society tell against the few of society. As a facet of that institutional racismBlacks be now forced to persevere the increasing trend of control by the USCriminal Justice System. Control by the USCJS includes the probation, parole,imprisonment, and death of Blacks. A study conducted by the Sentencing Projectin 1989 found tat to a greater extent than one-fourth of all Blacks between the age of 20 and29 are under the control of the USCJS . This alarming figure becomes more sowhen you consider their are more Blacks in prison in this age sort than theirare all Blacks in college . This clearly reveals what is meant by theinstitutionalization of our Black youth. Black communities are being legallyrobbed of their youth by a system that locks up those who pose a threat to thestatus quo of institutional racism. The consequences of this are detrimentalindeed. The children are the future, but what future does a community have whosechildren are all locked up . By virtue of robbing the Black community of theiryouth, the USCJS robs Black communities of their future leaders and role models .With such a condition at hand entire communities are lost and the ills of theurban ghettos are augmented. To divine service explain why Blacks are being locked up, andwhat part of imprisonment plays in institutional racism it would be helpful tofirst look at the roots of institutional racism.Institutional Racism And Its Roots Institutional racism was a term first coinedby Stokley Carmichael in his book Black Power. Concerning racism, Carmichael andco-author Charles V. Hamilton made the following observationRacism is both assailable and covert. It takes two, closely related forms individual